String Functions

UPPER

Converts a string to uppercase.

SELECT UPPER('hello world') -- 'HELLO WORLD'
SELECT UPPER(name) AS uppercase_name FROM company_data."123"

LOWER

Converts a string to lowercase.

SELECT LOWER('HELLO WORLD') -- 'hello world'
SELECT LOWER(email) AS lowercase_email FROM company_data."123"

TRIM

Removes leading and trailing whitespace.

SELECT TRIM('  hello  ') -- 'hello'
SELECT TRIM(user_input) AS cleaned_input FROM company_data."123"

LTRIM / RTRIM

Removes leading (LTRIM) or trailing (RTRIM) whitespace.

SELECT LTRIM('  hello') -- 'hello'
SELECT RTRIM('hello  ') -- 'hello'

LENGTH

Returns the number of characters in a string.

SELECT LENGTH('hello') -- 5
SELECT LENGTH(description) AS desc_length FROM company_data."123"

CONCAT

Concatenates multiple strings.

SELECT CONCAT('Hello', ' ', 'World') -- 'Hello World'
SELECT CONCAT(first_name, ' ', last_name) AS full_name FROM company_data."123"

CONCAT_WS

Concatenates strings with a separator.

SELECT CONCAT_WS('-', 'a', 'b', 'c') -- 'a-b-c'
SELECT CONCAT_WS(', ', city, state, country) AS location FROM company_data."123"

SUBSTRING

Extracts a portion of a string.

-- SUBSTRING(string, start_position, length)
SELECT SUBSTRING('hello world', 1, 5) -- 'hello'
SELECT SUBSTRING('hello world', 7, 5) -- 'world'

String positions are 1-based, not 0-based.

LEFT / RIGHT

Returns leftmost or rightmost characters.

SELECT LEFT('hello', 2)  -- 'he'
SELECT RIGHT('hello', 2) -- 'lo'

REPLACE

Replaces occurrences of a substring.

SELECT REPLACE('hello', 'l', 'x') -- 'hexxo'
SELECT REPLACE(phone, '-', '') AS clean_phone FROM company_data."123"

SPLIT

Splits a string into an array.

SELECT SPLIT('a,b,c', ',') -- ['a', 'b', 'c']
SELECT SPLIT(tags, '|') AS tag_array FROM company_data."123"

LPAD / RPAD

Pads a string to a specified length.

SELECT LPAD('5', 3, '0')    -- '005'
SELECT RPAD('hello', 10, '.') -- 'hello.....'

REGEXP_EXTRACT

Extracts a substring matching a regular expression.

SELECT REGEXP_EXTRACT('abc123def', '[0-9]+') -- '123'
SELECT REGEXP_EXTRACT(email, '@(.+)$') AS domain FROM company_data."123"

LEVENSHTEIN

Calculates the edit distance between two strings.

SELECT LEVENSHTEIN('hello', 'hallo') -- 1
SELECT LEVENSHTEIN(input_name, canonical_name) AS distance FROM company_data."123"

Date & Time Functions

Temporal operations

Conditional Functions

IF, COALESCE, NULLIF

All Functions

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Data Types

STRING type reference

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String Functions